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In a DC electric machine, the length of the air gap plays a significant role in its operational efficiency and has an impact on various loss components, including pulsation losses or pulsational losses on the pole faces. Pulsational losses, also sometimes referred to as pulsation losses or eddy current losses in the pole faces, are influenced by the magnetic flux in the machine, which is directly affected by the air gap length.
1. Magnetic Flux Density: The length of the air gap affects the magnetic flux density in the machine. Increasing the air gap length reduces the magnetic flux density in the air gap because the magnetic circuit’s reluctance increases. This reduced flux density can lead to lower pulsational losses since these losses are influenced by the fluctuation of magnetic flux in the pole faces.
2. Flux Linkage: An increased air gap length reduces the total flux linkage between the rotor and the stator. This reduction in flux linkage can result in a decrease in the magnitude of flux pulsations observed at the pole faces, thereby affecting the pulsational losses.
3. Eddy Currents: Pulsational losses are partly due to eddy currents generated within the machine components, such as the pole faces, due to time-varying magnetic fields. An increased air gap results in a weaker coupling between the stator and rotor magnetic fields, potentially reducing the intensity of eddy currents generated and thus the associated losses.
4. Efficiency and Operation Impact: While increasing the