| 1. | Pick up the correct statement from the following: |
| A. | topology describes the geometric characteristic of objects which do not change under transformations and are independent of any coordinate system |
| B. | topological characteristics of an object are independent of scale measurement |
| C. | the three elements of topology are adjacency, containment, and connectivity |
| D. | all of these |
| Answer» D. all of these | |
| 2. | Pick up the correct statement from the following: |
| A. | in remote sensing technique, the observation place, is called a platform |
| B. | platforms may be either stationary or mobile |
| C. | spatial resolution of the imaging system becomes poorer with increase of platform height |
| D. | all of these |
| Answer» D. all of these | |
| 3. | Formation of snow occurs if the cloud temperature is |
| A. | just above the freezing point |
| B. | at the freezing point |
| C. | below the freezing point |
| D. | none of these |
| Answer» C. below the freezing point | |
| 4. | In the given figure the phase of |
| A. | crest a |
| B. | b |
| C. | trough c is 3 |
| D. | all of these |
| Answer» D. all of these | |
| 5. | Coherence of two electromagnetic waves takes place if their phase difference is: |
| A. | constant in time |
| B. | constant in space |
| C. | constant in time and space |
| D. | none of these |
| Answer» C. constant in time and space | |
| 6. | The coherence length over which there is a strong relationship between amplitudes is; |
| A. | directly proportional to the bandwidth |
| B. | inversely proportional to the bandwidth |
| C. | the square of the bandwidth |
| D. | none of these |
| Answer» B. inversely proportional to the bandwidth | |
| 7. | Pick up the correct statement from the following: |
| A. | a graphical representation of spectral reflectance verses the various growth stages of a crop, depicts a phonologic pattern |
| B. | the changes in the polarisation of the radiation reflected or emitted by an object, is known as polarisation variation |
| C. | the degree of polarisation is a characteristic of the object which helps in the identification of the object |
| D. | all of these |
| Answer» D. all of these | |
| 8. | Repetitive observations of the same area at equal interval of time are useful to monitor the dynamic phenomena: |
| A. | cloud evolution |
| B. | vegetative cover |
| C. | snow cover |
| D. | all of these |
| Answer» D. all of these | |
| 9. | Which one of the following parameters is considered to determine the reflectance of a vegetation canopy? |
| A. | solar zenith angle |
| B. | azimuth angle |
| C. | look angle |
| D. | all of these |
| Answer» D. all of these | |
| 10. | A perfectly black body: |
| A. | is a diffuse emitter |
| B. | absorbs all the radiations of every wave lengths |
| C. | emits power of every wave length |
| D. | all the above |
| Answer» D. all the above | |
| 11. | sensor IFOV is proportional to: |
| A. | sin2 |
| B. | cos2 |
| C. | sec2 |
| D. | tan2 |
| Answer» C. sec2 | |
| 12. | Which one the following is a correct statement? |
| A. | the vertical section of the soil extending into the parent material, is called profile |
| B. | the layers of the soil parallel to the earth surface are called horizons |
| C. | the transitional layer between two adjoining horizons is called boundary |
| D. | all of these |
| Answer» D. all of these | |
| 13. | In case of reflection and refraction of electromagnetic radiation, |
| A. | angle of incidence = angle of refraction |
| B. | angle of incidence = angle of reflection |
| C. | angle of refraction = sum of the angles of incidence and refraction |
| D. | all the above |
| Answer» B. angle of incidence = angle of reflection | |
| 14. | Which one of the following factors does not affect the scale of the air photographs? |
| A. | focal length |
| B. | flying height |
| C. | ground elevation |
| D. | none of these |
| Answer» D. none of these | |
| 15. | Which one of the following statements regarding remote sensing is correct? |
| A. | the interaction of the electromagnetic radiation with the target |
| B. | the emission of electromagnetic radiation from the target |
| C. | both (a) and (b) |
| D. | neither (a) nor (b) |
| Answer» C. both (a) and (b) | |
| 16. | The optical property of a water body depends on: |
| A. | absorption by the dissolved material |
| B. | absorption by the suspended particulate matter |
| C. | scattering by the suspended particulate matter |
| D. | all of these |
| Answer» D. all of these | |
| 17. | Pick up the correct statement from the following: |
| A. | frequency is the number of wave crests passing a fixed point in one second |
| B. | frequency of a wave is measured in hertz (hz) |
| C. | amplitude of a wave is the height of its crust from the mid-point |
| D. | all of these |
| Answer» D. all of these | |
| 18. | The object of photo-interpretation is: |
| A. | identification |
| B. | recognition of objects |
| C. | judging the significance of objects |
| D. | all of these |
| Answer» D. all of these | |
| 19. | Pick up the correct statement from the following: |
| A. | phytoplankton contains photosynthetically active pigment |
| B. | an increase of phytoplankton increases the back scattering in the green region |
| C. | an increase of phytoplankton absorbs the bule region rapidly |
| D. | an increase of phytoplankton decreases the back scattering in the green region |
| Answer» D. an increase of phytoplankton decreases the back scattering in the green region | |
| 20. | Which one of the following statements is correct regarding the GPS satellites? |
| A. | the nominal altitude is about 20,200 km |
| B. | the inclination of axis satellite is 55° |
| C. | the satellite transmits two l band signals (l1 with 1575.42 mhz and l2 with 1276.6 mhz) |
| D. | all of these |
| Answer» D. all of these | |
| 21. | Which one of the following statements is correct? |
| A. | during the day, earth reflects solar radiation |
| B. | during the day, earth reflects both solar radiations the emission from its surface |
| C. | during the night, earth emits radiation from its surface |
| D. | all of these |
| Answer» D. all of these | |
| 22. | A reduction of nitrogen nutrient in plants: |
| A. | affects leaf colour |
| B. | reduces pigment concentration |
| C. | increase the visible reflectivity |
| D. | all of these |
| Answer» D. all of these | |
| 23. | Remote sensing techniques make use of the properties of ___________ emitted, reflected or diffracted by the sensed objects: |
| A. | electric waves |
| B. | sound waves |
| C. | electromagnetic waves |
| D. | wind waves |
| Answer» C. electromagnetic waves | |
| 24. | Which one of the following statement is incorrect regarding the electromagnetic radiation? |
| A. | these are produced by the motion of electric charge |
| B. | the oscillation of charged particles sets up changing electric fields |
| C. | the changing electric fields induce the changing magnetic fields in the surrounding medium |
| D. | none of these |
| Answer» D. none of these | |
| 25. | The altitudinal distance of a geostationary satellite from the earth is about: |
| A. | 26,000 km |
| B. | 30,000 km |
| C. | 36,000 km |
| D. | 44,000 km |
| Answer» C. 36,000 km | |
| 26. | The ratio of the total solar radiant energy returned by a planetary body to the total radiant energy incident on the body, the called: |
| A. | reflectance |
| B. | reflectance factor |
| C. | albedo |
| D. | none of these |
| Answer» C. albedo | |
| 27. | Which one of the following statement is correct? |
| A. | radiant energy expressed in joules, is the energy associated with electromagnetic radiation |
| B. | the rate of transfer of radiant energy is called flux and is expressed in watts |
| C. | the radiant energy which falls upon a surface is termed as irradiance |
| D. | all of these |
| Answer» D. all of these | |
| 28. | Which one of the following parameters is accurate for DGPS? |
| A. | positional accuracies ~ 1 – 2 m if rover is less than 1-2 km from the reference station |
| B. | positional accuracies ~ 2 – 5m if rover is less than 2-5 fm from the reference station |
| C. | positional accuracies ~ 5 – 10 m if rover is less than 5-10 km from reference station |
| D. | positional accuracies ~ 5 – 10 m if rover is less than 25 km |
| Answer» A. positional accuracies ~ 1 – 2 m if rover is less than 1-2 km from the reference station | |
| 29. | Crop Acreage and Production Estimation (CAPE) was funded and taken up in 1983 by: |
| A. | usa |
| B. | european union |
| C. | russia |
| D. | india |
| Answer» D. india | |
| 30. | ‘A time varying electric field produces a magnetic field.’ This phenomenon is called: |
| A. | hertz\s law |
| B. | ampere maxwell\s law |
| C. | faraday\s law |
| Answer» B. ampere maxwell\s law | |
| 31. | The changes in the reflectivity/emissivity with time, is called: |
| A. | spectral variation |
| B. | spatial variation |
| C. | temporal variation |
| D. | none of these |
| Answer» C. temporal variation | |
| 32. | Which one of the following statements is correct? |
| A. | snow albedo falls at all wave length with the increase of grain size |
| B. | the effect of grain size on reflection is maximum in the near-ir region |
| C. | the effect of grain size on reflection is low in the visible region of the spectrum |
| D. | all of these |
| Answer» D. all of these | |
| 33. | Due to perturbation of the orbit, satellite orbit parameters are frequently updated on measurements carried out by its |
| A. | six ground stations |
| B. | five ground stations |
| C. | four ground stations |
| D. | three ground stations |
| Answer» B. five ground stations | |
| 34. | Which one of the following helps to identify the objects on the earth surface? |
| A. | atmospheric window |
| B. | signature |
| C. | radiometric error |
| D. | none of these |
| Answer» B. signature | |
| 35. | Pick up the correct statement from the following: |
| A. | phase of a wave is expressed as a fraction of a period with respect to a reference |
| B. | phase is usually specified by angular measure with one period being 360° |
| C. | the reference for finding the phase of a wave is taken from the previous passage through zero from the negative to the positive direction |
| D. | all of these |
| Answer» D. all of these | |
| 36. | The reflection of solar energy is characterised by the water content in the leaf, in the reflective optical infrared: |
| A. | visible (0.4 – |
| B. | near-ir (0.7 – |
| C. | short wave-ir (1.3 – |
| D. | none of these |
| Answer» C. short wave-ir (1.3 – | |
| 37. | The interaction of the electromagnetic radiation produced with a specific wave length to illuminate a target on the terrain for studying its scattered radiance, is called: |
| A. | passive remote sensing |
| B. | active remote sensing |
| C. | neutral remote sensing |
| D. | none of these |
| Answer» B. active remote sensing | |
| 38. | For interpolation of satellite data used for monitoring dynamic changes that occurs on the earth surface, the most suitable orbit for the satellite is: |
| A. | circular orbit |
| B. | sun-synchronous orbit |
| C. | near polar orbit |
| D. | none of these |
| Answer» B. sun-synchronous orbit | |
| 39. | Electromagnetic spectrum contains: |
| A. | gamma rays (wave length < 10-10 m) |
| B. | ultraviolet rays (wave length < 10-6 m) |
| C. | infrared rays (wave length < 10-4 m) |
| D. | all of these |
| Answer» D. all of these | |
| 40. | Which one of the following quantities forms the basis of radiometry? |
| A. | radiant energy (q) |
| B. | radiant flux ( ) |
| C. | radiant intensity (i) |
| D. | all of these |
| Answer» D. all of these | |
| 41. | According to the Snell’s law if an electromagnetic wave is incident in a medium (refractive index n1) on another medium (refractive index m2); |
| A. | the angle of incidence is equal to the angle of refraction |
| B. | the angle of refraction r) is given by sin i |
| C. | both (a) and (b) |
| D. | neither (a) nor (b) |
| Answer» B. the angle of refraction r) is given by sin i | |
| 42. | The refractive index of the ocean water: |
| A. | increases with salinity |
| B. | increases with temperature |
| C. | decreases with salinity |
| D. | decreases with temperature |
| Answer» A. increases with salinity | |
| 43. | The normal altitude of GPS satellite is about |
| A. | 16,200 km |
| B. | 20,200 km |
| C. | 24,400 km |
| D. | 36,100 km |
| Answer» B. 20,200 km | |
| 44. | Geodimeter is based on: |
| A. | propagation of modulated light waves |
| B. | propagation of infrared radiation |
| C. | the visible light as carrier with frequency of the order of 5 × 1014 hz |
| D. | high frequency radio waves |
| Answer» A. propagation of modulated light waves | |
| 45. | The code based GPS receivers are generally used for: |
| A. | vehicle tracking |
| B. | land navigation |
| C. | trans movement |
| D. | all of these |
| Answer» D. all of these | |
| 46. | Pick up the correct statement from the following: |
| A. | the refractive index of a medium varies according to the wavelength of the radiation, |
| B. | the variation of the refractive index with wave length, is called dispersion, |
| C. | the splitting of colours of white light by passing through a prism is caused due to dispersion |
| D. | all of these |
| Answer» D. all of these | |
| 47. | While propagating through homogeneous, isotropic media, |
| A. | directions of both the fields are orthogonal |
| B. | both the fields are at right angles to the direction of propagation |
| C. | both (a) and (b) |
| D. | neither (a) nor (b) |
| Answer» C. both (a) and (b) | |
| 48. | The arrangement of terrain features which provides attributes: the shape, size and texture of objects, is called: |
| A. | spectral variation |
| B. | spatial variation |
| C. | temporal variation |
| D. | none of these |
| Answer» B. spatial variation | |
| 49. | Which one of the following errors is produced by platform characteristics of the sensor? |
| A. | altitude variation |
| B. | altitude |
| C. | orbit drift |
| D. | all of these |
| Answer» D. all of these | |
| 50. | Leaf reflectance depends primarily on: |
| A. | the pigments |
| B. | internal cell structure |
| C. | equivalent water content |
| D. | all of these |
| Answer» D. all of these | |
| 51. | If flying height of a spacecraft is H, the length of air base is B and the parallax difference between two points is dp, then the difference in height |
| A. | h = dp/(b/h) |
| B. | h = (b/h) dp |
| C. | h = dp/(h/b) |
| D. | h = (h/b) dp |
| Answer» A. h = dp/(b/h) | |
| 52. | Critical angle of electromagnetic radiation takes place if |
| A. | angle of incidence is equal to angle of refraction |
| B. | angle of incidence is greater than the angle of refraction |
| C. | angle of incidence is equal to 90° |
| D. | angle of refraction is equal to 90° |
| Answer» D. angle of refraction is equal to 90° | |
| 53. | Earth observations from a satellite platform provide: |
| A. | synoptic view of a large area |
| B. | constant solar zenith angles and similar illumination conditions |
| C. | repetitive observations of the same area with intervals of a few minutes to a few weeks |
| D. | all of these |
| Answer» D. all of these | |
| 54. | DGPS is based on the concept that bias errors in the position of locations in a given local area, are same if their distances are within |
| A. | 25 km |
| B. | 50 km |
| C. | 75 km |
| D. | 100 km |
| Answer» D. 100 km | |
| 55. | Electromagnetic radiation: |
| A. | produces a time varying magnetic field and vice versa |
| B. | once generated, remains self-propagating |
| C. | is capable to travel across space |
| D. | all of these |
| Answer» D. all of these | |
| 56. | Which one of the following residual biases involves the GPS accuracy? |
| A. | satellite dependent biases due to uncertainty in the orbital parameters of the satellite |
| B. | receiver-dependent biases due to clock stability with line |
| C. | signal propagation biases due to the sphere and troposphere propagation |
| D. | all the above |
| Answer» D. all the above | |
| 57. | A and B are two towers of equal height diametrically opposite on either side of the nadir point, at 3 km and 5 km distances. Which one of the following statements is correct? |
| A. | height displacement of a will be less than that of b |
| B. | height displacement of b will be less than that of a |
| C. | height displacement of a and b is equal |
| D. | height displacement of a and b will be towards each other |
| Answer» A. height displacement of a will be less than that of b | |
| 58. | The GPS space segment consists of Navigation Satellite Timing and Ranging whose number is: |
| A. | 8 |
| B. | 12 |
| C. | 16 |
| D. | 24 |
| Answer» D. 24 | |
| 59. | Pick up the important characteristic of a target which facilitates its identification from the following: |
| A. | spectral variation |
| B. | spatial variation |
| C. | temporal variation |
| D. | all of these |
| Answer» D. all of these | |
| 60. | The value of energy quantum for radiation of any frequency is proportional to: |
| A. | the frequency |
| B. | the reciprocal of the energy |
| C. | the square of the frequency |
| D. | the square root of the frequency |
| Answer» A. the frequency | |
| 61. | Which one of the following geometric errors of satellite sensors is random? |
| A. | scan skew |
| B. | panoramic distortion |
| C. | earth rotation |
| D. | altitude variation |
| Answer» D. altitude variation | |
| 62. | Pick up the correct statement from the following: |
| A. | the first man-made satellite, sputnik-l\ was launched on 4th october, 1957 |
| B. | the united state\s explorer 6 transmitted the first picture of the earth in august 1959 |
| C. | television infrared observation satellite (tiros) designed for meteorological observations, started systematic earth observations from space from 1, april, 1960 |
| D. | all of these |
| Answer» D. all of these | |
| 63. | Which one of the following frequency regions is a part of sun’s radiation? |
| A. | ultraviolet frequency region |
| B. | infrared frequency region |
| C. | radio frequency region |
| D. | all of these |
| Answer» D. all of these | |
| 64. | The spectral region of the electromagnetic radiation which passes through the atmosphere without much attenuation is known as: |
| A. | ozone hole |
| B. | atmospheric window |
| C. | ozone window |
| D. | black hole |
| Answer» B. atmospheric window | |
| 65. | Which on speed (C) of the electromagnetic wave is correct? |
| A. | c = v |
| B. | c = /v |
| C. | c = v |
| D. | c = 1/ |
| Answer» C. c = v | |
| 66. | In GPS, receivers used are; |
| A. | electronic clocks |
| B. | atomic clocks |
| C. | quartz clocks |
| D. | mechanical clocks |
| Answer» C. quartz clocks | |
| 67. | For C band Synthetic Aperture Radar (SAR) with Doppler band width of 1300 Hz, the coherence length loch is: |
| A. | 130 km |
| B. | 230 km |
| C. | 250 km |
| D. | 500 km |
| Answer» B. 230 km | |
| 68. | Which one of the following attributes is not associated with digital maps |
| A. | colour |
| B. | symbology |
| C. | legends |
| D. | south arrow |
| Answer» D. south arrow | |
| 69. | The instruments which provide electromagnetic radiation of specified wave length or a band of wave lengths to illuminate the earth surface are called: |
| A. | sensors |
| B. | passive sensors |
| C. | active sensors |
| D. | none of these |
| Answer» C. active sensors | |
| 70. | The most widely used antenna in GPS is |
| A. | parabolic antenna |
| B. | microstrip antenna |
| C. | horn antenna |
| D. | slotted antenna |
| Answer» B. microstrip antenna | |
| 71. | Orbital radius of GPS satellites is approximately: |
| A. | 15,200 km |
| B. | 26,600 km |
| C. | 18,400 km |
| D. | 36,000 km |
| Answer» B. 26,600 km | |
| 72. | If electric permittivity and magnetic permeability of the medium are respectively and , then the velocity (Cm) of the electromagnetic wave in the medium is given by: |
| A. | cm = 1/ |
| B. | cm |
| C. | cm |
| D. | none of these |
| Answer» B. cm | |
| 73. | The part radiation due to scattered/diffused radiation entering the field of view of a remote sensor other than that from the required target, |
| A. | reduces the contrast of the image and also its sharpness |
| B. | increases the contrast of the image but reduces the sharpness |
| C. | increases both the contrast and sharpness |
| D. | reduces the contrast but increases the sharpness |
| Answer» A. reduces the contrast of the image and also its sharpness | |
| 74. | Pick up the correct statement from the following |
| A. | the ratio of the up flux and down flux just above the snow surface, is called albedo |
| B. | spectral albedo of snow is calculated for the semi-infinite snow thickness |
| C. | water equivalent height of snow is the height of water column obtained by melting snow |
| D. | all of these |
| Answer» D. all of these | |
| 75. | Spatial variation in horizontal and vertical directions is caused due to: |
| A. | physical weathering of rocks |
| B. | chemical weathering of rocks |
| C. | biological weathering of rocks |
| D. | all of these |
| Answer» D. all of these | |
| 76. | The basic requirement of any sensor system is: |
| A. | radiometric resolution |
| B. | spatial resolution |
| C. | spectral resolution |
| D. | all of these |
| Answer» D. all of these | |
| 77. | A passive sensor uses: |
| A. | sun as the source of energy |
| B. | flash light as a source of energy |
| C. | its own source of energy |
| D. | none of these |
| Answer» A. sun as the source of energy | |
| 78. | Who coined the term, ‘Remote sensing’. |
| A. | evelyn l. pruitt, a geographer |
| B. | gaspard felix tournachon, a french scientist |
| C. | wilbur wright, an italian scientist |
| D. | none of these |
| Answer» A. evelyn l. pruitt, a geographer | |
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