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Delimiting and synchronization of data exchange is often provided by specific protocols designed to ensure the accurate and orderly transmission of information between systems or devices. These protocols establish rules for how data should be formatted, transmitted, segmented, and reassembled, and they also incorporate mechanisms for managing the timing and sequencing of data exchange. Some examples include:
1. Transmission Control Protocol (TCP) and Internet Protocol (IP) – TCP/IP provides a suite of communication protocols used to interconnect network devices on the internet. TCP manages the assembling of a message or file into smaller packets that are transmitted over the internet and received by a TCP layer that reassembles the packets into the original message. It ensures the reliable delivery of data and provides error checking mechanisms and data flow controls.
2. Serial Peripheral Interface (SPI) – SPI is a synchronous serial communication interface specification used for short-distance communication, particularly in embedded systems. It enables the master device to delimit and synchronize the data exchange with one or more slave devices using a master clock signal.
3. Inter-Integrated Circuit (I2C) – I2C is a multi-master, multi-slave, packet-switched, single-ended, serial computer bus widely used for attaching lower-speed peripheral ICs to processors and microcontrollers. It uses synchronization bits and delimiters to manage communication flows and data integrity between devices.
4. Real-Time Transport Protocol (RTP) – Used primarily for establishing and controlling media streams (e.g., audio
B. Session layer