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Servers handle requests for other domains through a process often involving domain name system (DNS) resolution and network routing. Depending on the context, additional specific mechanisms may include:
1. Reverse Proxying: Where a server acts as an intermediary for requests from clients seeking resources from other servers or domains. It can provide services such as load balancing, web acceleration, and security checks.
2. Forward Proxying: Similar to reverse proxying but primarily used by clients to access servers or websites. Schools or businesses often use forward proxies to filter content or provide caching to speed up access.
3. CDN (Content Delivery Network): CDNs are a network of servers that deliver web content to users based on their geographic location. While not a server itself, a CDN helps efficiently handle requests and deliver content from domains hosted elsewhere.
4. Virtual Hosting: This allows a single server to host multiple domains or websites. The server software uses the requested domain name, provided in each request, to determine which website to serve.
5. API Gateways: For applications that call APIs of other services or domains, an API gateway can manage these requests. It routes requests to the appropriate backend service and can provide additional services such as rate limiting or authentication.
6. DNS Resolution: This is the foundational step in accessing resources across domains. DNS servers translate domain names (like http://www.example.com) to IP addresses that networking equipment uses to route requests to the server hosting the domain’s content.
Each of