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1. Address Length: IPv4 addresses are 32 bits long, while IPv6 addresses are 128 bits long.
2. Address Configuration: IPv4 supports manual configuration and DHCP, whereas IPv6 has advanced auto-configuration capabilities including Stateless Address Autoconfiguration (SLAAC).
3. Fragmentation: In IPv4, routers can fragment packets, while in IPv6, fragmentation is handled only by the sender.
4. Broadcast Support: IPv4 supports broadcast communication, while IPv6 does not have a broadcast mechanism; instead, it uses multicast.
5. Header Complexity: The IPv4 header is more complex with fields like options, which IPv6 simplifies by having a more streamlined header format.
6. NAT: IPv4 often requires Network Address Translation (NAT) due to limited address space, while IPv6’s larger address space negates that need.
7. Security: While IPsec can be used with both, IPv6 was designed with security as a fundamental aspect, whereas in IPv4 it’s an optional feature.
1. Header Format: IPv4 has a more complex header structure with 12 fields, while IPv6 has a simplified header format with only 8 fields.
2. Address Length: IPv4 addresses are 32 bits in length, while IPv6 addresses are 128 bits long, allowing for a vastly larger address space.
3. Broadcasting: IPv4 supports broadcasting, where packets can be sent to all devices in a network segment. In contrast, IPv6 does not support broadcasting; it uses multicast instead.
4. Checksum: IPv4 includes a header checksum, which is used for error-checking of the header; IPv6 does not have a checksum in its header, relying on the integrity of the underlying link-layer protocol and higher-level protocols.
5. Fragmentation: In IPv4, routers can fragment packets to accommodate smaller maximum transmission units (MTU); in IPv6, fragmentation is handled only by the source node, and routers do not perform fragmentation.
6. Address Configuration: In IPv4, manual and DHCP configurations are commonly used, while IPv6 supports Stateless Address Autoconfiguration (SLAAC), allowing devices to automatically configure themselves.
7. Address Classes: IPv4 has address classes (Class A, B, C, etc.) which determine the range of IP addresses; IPv6 does not have these classes, instead using Prefix Length for routing.
These features highlight key differences between IPv4 and IPv6
1. Header Size: IPv4 has a variable-length header (minimum 20 bytes) while IPv6 has a fixed-size header (40 bytes).
2. Checksum: IPv4 includes a checksum field for error-checking at the packet header level, while IPv6 does not have a checksum field in its header.
3. Broadcasting: IPv4 supports broadcasting, allowing packets to be sent to all devices in a network segment. IPv6 does not have a broadcast feature but uses multicast instead.
4. Address Format: IPv4 addresses are 32-bit and usually represented in decimal format (e.g. 192.168.1.1). IPv6 addresses are 128-bit and represented in hexadecimal format.
5. Network Address Translation (NAT): While NAT is commonly used with IPv4 due to address scarcity, it is generally not needed with IPv6 because of its vast address space.
6. Subnetting: IPv4 typically uses subnet masks in the format of a 32-bit number to denote the network portion of an address. IPv6 uses prefix lengths for subnetting, represented as a number following the address (e.g., /64).
7. Fragmentation: In IPv4, routers can fragment packets if they exceed the maximum transmission unit (MTU). In IPv6, fragmentation is handled only by the sender, rather than by routers along the path.
8. Classful Addressing:
D. all of the mentioned
D. all of the mentioned