Which of the following statements can be associated with OSI model?

The OSI model, which stands for Open Systems Interconnection model, is a conceptual framework used to understand and explain the functions of a networking system. It divides the networking process into seven distinct layers, each with its own specific role and function. The OSI model helps in standardizing networking protocols, thereby enabling different systems to communicate with each other. Here are some statements that can be associated with the OSI model:

1. Layered Architecture: The OSI model is based on a layered architecture, where each layer serves a specific functionality and communicates with the layers directly above and below it.

2. Seven Layers: The OSI model consists of seven layers, which from top to bottom are: Application, Presentation, Session, Transport, Network, Data Link, and Physical.

3. Encapsulation and Decapsulation: Data is encapsulated with the necessary protocol information at each layer as it descends through the model, and this encapsulation is reversed (decapsulation) as the data ascends on the receiver’s side.

4. Standardization: The OSI model provides a standardized framework that guides the design of networking protocols and facilitates interoperability between different vendors’ products.

5. Abstraction: Each layer of the OSI model abstracts the details of how its functions are implemented, allowing for changes in technologies and internals without affecting other layers.

6. Layer Functions:

– Physical Layer deals with the physical connection between devices and the transmission and reception of raw bit streams over a