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c) Conductivity
Explanation: In free space, ε = ε0 and μ = μ0. The relative permittivity and permeability will be unity. Since the free space will contain no charges in it, the conductivity will be zero.
c
Explanation: In free space, ε = ε0 and μ = μ0. The relative permittivity and permeability
will be unity. Since the free space will contain no charges in it, the conductivity will be
zero.
In free space, several quantities could potentially be zero depending on the context of the question. However, given the likely context related to physics and electromagnetic theory, in free space (also referred to as a vacuum), the following major quantities can be considered as effectively zero:
1. Air resistance or drag force – In the absence of air or any other medium, there’s no resistance to motion.
2. Dielectric constant minus 1 (εr – 1) – The relative permittivity (dielectric constant) of free space (εr) is 1, making εr – 1 equal to 0. This reflects the fact that the permittivity of free space is the baseline against which other materials’ permittivities are measured.
3. Magnetic susceptibility – Free space does not itself respond with any magnetization in the presence of a magnetic field, so its magnetic susceptibility, which measures how much a material becomes magnetized in an external magnetic field, is effectively zero.
4. Conductivity (σ) – In ideal free space, there are no free charges available to conduct electric current, so its electrical conductivity is zero.
These answers depend on the interpretation of “free space,” often considered a perfect vacuum where electromagnetic waves propagate without attenuation. If the context of the question varies, the specifics might change.