The overhang has to be highly reinforced in turbo alternators.

In turbo alternators, the overhang must be highly reinforced due to several key reasons:

1. High Centrifugal Forces: Turbo alternators operate at very high speeds, generating significant centrifugal forces, especially on the overhang portions of the windings. This necessitates additional reinforcement to prevent the windings from deforming or becoming detached.

2. Thermal Expansion: At high operational speeds, thermal expansion effects are more pronounced, especially in the overhanging parts of the windings where the cooling can be less efficient. Reinforcement helps manage and contain the mechanical stresses induced by temperature changes.

3. Vibration and Resonance: The high-speed operation can also introduce vibration and possible resonance effects that could lead to mechanical failure. Reinforcing the overhang helps to dampen these vibrations and reduce the risk of damage.

4. Electrical Stress: The overhang regions can be areas of higher electrical stress due to uneven electric field distribution. Reinforcing this area can help in managing the electrical stresses and preventing insulation failure.

5. Mechanical Stress during Transients: During start-up or shut-down and during electrical faults, turbo alternators experience transient processes that can impose additional mechanical stresses on the machine, particularly on the parts not supported by the core (e.g., the overhangs). Reinforcement in these areas is critical to withstand such stresses.

By reinforcing the overhangs, manufacturers ensure that the turbo alternators can operate reliably and efficiently under the high-speed