What is edge computing?

Edge computing refers to a distributed computing framework that brings computation and data storage closer to the sources of data. This approach minimizes the need to send vast amounts of data across the network to a central data center or cloud for processing and analysis. Instead, by processing data near the edge of the network, where the data is generated (by IoT devices or local edge servers, for example), edge computing can significantly reduce latency, decrease bandwidth usage, and improve the responsiveness of applications and services.

The main idea behind edge computing is to handle data processing as close as possible to the end-user or data source. This proximity reduces response time and saves bandwidth, thereby efficiently supporting real-time applications, such as autonomous vehicles, smart cities, industrial Internet of Things (IoT) applications, and augmented and virtual reality (AR/VR) systems.

Edge computing supports a more distributed IT architecture, where specialized processing and storage capabilities are located at the edge of the network. This setup not only accelerates data processing but also enhances privacy and security measures by limiting the amount and types of data transmitted over the internet.

As IoT devices become more prevalent, and the volume of data generated by these devices continues to grow exponentially, edge computing’s role is becoming increasingly significant. It complements cloud computing by addressing its limitations, particularly in scenarios where real-time processing and decision-making are critical.