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Answer: b
Explanation: Temperature rise will affect the life of the insulation. If insulation is affected the life of the machine also decreases. Proper cooling and ventilation must be ensured according to electric machine design to keep the temperature rise within limits.
The temperature rise in electric machines mainly affects the winding insulation. Electric machines, like motors and generators, are equipped with winding coils made of wire typically insulated to prevent short circuits. When electrical current flows through these coils, it generates heat due to the resistance of the wire. Prolonged exposure to excessive heat can degrade the insulation material over time, reducing its electrical resistance and potentially leading to insulation failure, short circuits, and ultimately, machine failure. Additionally, high temperatures can affect other components such as bearings, brushes (in the case of machines with commutators), and the core material, but the winding insulation is the most critically affected component due to its sensitivity to heat and its crucial role in the machine’s operation. Proper cooling and temperature management are essential for maintaining the longevity and reliability of electric machines.