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B. 25%
The efficiency of a Stop and Wait ARQ protocol is determined by the ratio of the time it takes to send a frame to the total time taken for a round trip of a single frame plus the acknowledgment. In simpler terms, it’s the ratio of the useful time spent transmitting data over the total time spent including waiting for acknowledgments.
Given:
– Transmission Time (Tt) = 20ns (nanoseconds)
– Propagation Time (Tp) = 30ns
The efficiency ((E)) of Stop and Wait protocol can be calculated using the formula:
[
E = frac{Tt}{Tt + 2Tp}
]
Substituting the given values:
[
E = frac{20}{20 + 2(30)} = frac{20}{80} = frac{1}{4} = 0.25
]
Therefore, the efficiency of the Stop and Wait protocol, given the provided transmission and propagation times, is 0.25 or 25%.