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B. the use of variable length subnet masks is permitted
Classless routing protocols do send the subnet mask with their updates, allowing for variable length subnet masking (VLSM) and more efficient use of IP addresses. This approach contrasts with classful routing protocols, which do not include subnet mask information in their updates, requiring subnets to follow the strict sizes defined by the original class A, B, or C network designations. Examples of classless routing protocols include RIPv2, OSPF, EIGRP, and IS-IS, as they support the use of VLSM and thus can work with arbitrary subnet masks, enhancing routing efficiency and flexibility in IP network design.