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When selecting insulating materials for underground (UG) cables, the materials should possess the following characteristics:
1. Electrical Insulation: High dielectric strength and low electrical conductivity to prevent current leakage.
2. Moisture Resistance: Ability to withstand moisture and prevent water ingress which can degrade insulation.
3. Thermal Stability: Good performance over a range of temperatures, withstanding high temperatures without degrading.
4. Chemical Resistance: Resistance to chemicals, oils, and solvents that may be present in the environment.
5. Mechanical Strength: Sufficient mechanical toughness to endure physical stresses during installation and operation.
6. Low Thermal Conductivity: To minimize heat loss through the insulation.
7. Flame Retardancy: Resistance to ignition and propagation of flames to enhance safety.
8. Durability: Longevity under operational conditions to reduce maintenance costs.
9. Flexibility: To allow for bending and installation in confined spaces without damage.
These characteristics help ensure the reliability and safety of underground cable installations.