Why was the OSI model developed?

The OSI model, or Open Systems Interconnection model, was developed to facilitate universal communication standards and promote interoperability between diverse communication systems. This framework was introduced by the International Organization for Standardization (ISO) in the late 1970s. The main reasons for its development include:

1. Interoperability: Before the OSI model, the communication systems were proprietary and closed, meaning that systems from different manufacturers would often not work together. The OSI model provided a standardized framework that manufacturers could adhere to, enabling different systems to communicate with each other.

2. Modularity: The OSI model divides the communication system into seven distinct layers. This division allows changes to be made in one layer without affecting the others, simplifying development and troubleshooting.

3. Facilitating Network Design: The model delivers guidelines for the design of network hardware and software. By understanding the functions of each layer, developers and engineers can more easily construct networks that adhere to these universal standards.

4. Simplifying Teaching and Learning: The OSI model has become a foundational concept in network education. It provides a clear, layered approach to network architecture that helps in teaching the complexities of communication systems.

5. Promoting Technology Evolution: By setting a framework for network communication, the OSI model enables technological advancements and innovations within its structure, ensuring that new technologies can be easily integrated into existing systems without disrupting the communication protocols.

In summary, the OSI model was developed to standardize networking frameworks, promoting interoperability, easing